Molecular Markers and Their Applications in Marker-Assisted Selection (MAS) in Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

As one of the essential cereal crops, wheat provides 20% calories and proteins consumed by humans. Due to population expansion, dietary shift climate change, it is challenging for breeders develop new varieties meeting production requirements. Marker-assisted selection (MAS) has distinct advantages over conventional in plant breeding, such as being time-saving, cost-effective goal-oriented. This review makes attempts give a description different molecular markers: sequence tagged site (STS), simple repeat (SSR), genotyping sequencing (GBS), single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) arrays, exome capture, Kompetitive Allele Specific PCR (KASP), cleaved amplified polymorphic (CAPS), semi-thermal asymmetric reverse (STARP) target (GBTS). We also summarize some quantitative trait loci (QTL)/genes well their linked markers, which are potentially useful MAS. paper updated information on markers critical traits potential applications breeding programs.